/*************************************************************************
* *
* Open Dynamics Engine, Copyright (C) 2001,2002 Russell L. Smith. *
* All rights reserved. Email: russ@q12.org Web: www.q12.org *
* *
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or *
* modify it under the terms of EITHER: *
* (1) The GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free *
* Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at *
* your option) any later version. The text of the GNU Lesser *
* General Public License is included with this library in the *
* file LICENSE.TXT. *
* (2) The BSD-style license that is included with this library in *
* the file LICENSE-BSD.TXT. *
* *
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, *
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of *
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the files *
* LICENSE.TXT and LICENSE-BSD.TXT for more details. *
* *
*************************************************************************/
/*
buggy with suspension.
this also shows you how to use geom groups.
*/
#include <ode/ode.h>
#include <drawstuff/drawstuff.h>
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(disable:4244 4305) // for VC++, no precision loss complaints
#endif
// select correct drawing functions
#ifdef dDOUBLE
#define dsDrawBox dsDrawBoxD
#define dsDrawSphere dsDrawSphereD
#define dsDrawCylinder dsDrawCylinderD
#define dsDrawCappedCylinder dsDrawCappedCylinderD
#endif
// some constants
#define LENGTH 0.7 // chassis length
#define WIDTH 0.5 // chassis width
#define HEIGHT 0.2 // chassis height
#define RADIUS 0.18 // wheel radius
#define STARTZ 0.5 // starting height of chassis
#define CMASS 1 // chassis mass
#define WMASS 0.2 // wheel mass
// dynamics and collision objects (chassis, 3 wheels, environment)
static dWorldID world;
static dSpaceID space;
static dBodyID body[4];
static dJointID joint[3]; // joint[0] is the front wheel
static dJointGroupID contactgroup;
static dGeomID ground;
static dSpaceID car_space;
static dGeomID box[1];
static dGeomID sphere[3];
static dGeomID ground_box;
// things that the user controls
static dReal speed=0,steer=0; // user commands
// this is called by dSpaceCollide when two objects in space are
// potentially colliding.
static void nearCallback (void *data, dGeomID o1, dGeomID o2)
{
int i,n;
// only collide things with the ground
int g1 = (o1 == ground || o1 == ground_box);
int g2 = (o2 == ground || o2 == ground_box);
if (!(g1 ^ g2)) return;
const int N = 10;
dContact contact[N];
n = dCollide (o1,o2,N,&contact[0].geom,sizeof(dContact));
if (n > 0) {
for (i=0; i<n; i++) {
contact[i].surface.mode = dContactSlip1 | dContactSlip2 |
dContactSoftERP | dContactSoftCFM | dContactApprox1;
contact[i].surface.mu = dInfinity;
contact[i].surface.slip1 = 0.1;
contact[i].surface.slip2 = 0.1;
contact[i].surface.soft_erp = 0.5;
contact[i].surface.soft_cfm = 0.3;
dJointID c = dJointCreateContact (world,contactgroup,&contact[i]);
dJointAttach (c,
dGeomGetBody(contact[i].geom.g1),
dGeomGetBody(contact[i].geom.g2));
}
}
}
// start simulation - set viewpoint
static void start()
{
static float xyz[3] = {0.8317f,-0.9817f,0.8000f};
static float hpr[3] = {121.0000f,-27.5000f,0.0000f};
dsSetViewpoint (xyz,hpr);
printf ("Press:\t'a' to increase speed.\n"
"\t'z' to decrease speed.\n"
"\t',' to steer left.\n"
"\t'.' to steer right.\n"
"\t' ' to reset speed and steering.\n");
}
// called when a key pressed
static void command (int cmd)
{
switch (cmd) {
case 'a': case 'A':
speed += 0.3;
break;
case 'z': case 'Z':
speed -= 0.3;
break;
case ',':
steer -= 0.5;
break;
case '.':
steer += 0.5;
break;
case ' ':
speed = 0;
steer = 0;
break;
}
}
// simulation loop
static void simLoop (int pause)
{
int i;
if (!pause) {
// motor
dJointSetHinge2Param (joint[0],dParamVel2,-speed);
dJointSetHinge2Param (joint[0],dParamFMax2,0.1);
// steering
dReal v = steer - dJointGetHinge2Angle1 (joint[0]);
if (v > 0.1) v = 0.1;
if (v < -0.1) v = -0.1;
v *= 10.0;
dJointSetHinge2Param (joint[0],dParamVel,v);
dJointSetHinge2Param (joint[0],dParamFMax,0.2);
dJointSetHinge2Param (joint[0],dParamLoStop,-0.75);
dJointSetHinge2Param (joint[0],dParamHiStop,0.75);
dJointSetHinge2Param (joint[0],dParamFudgeFactor,0.1);
dSpaceCollide (space,0,&nearCallback);
dWorldStep (world,0.05);
// remove all contact joints
dJointGroupEmpty (contactgroup);
}
dsSetColor (0,1,1);
dsSetTexture (DS_WOOD);
dReal sides[3] = {LENGTH,WIDTH,HEIGHT};
dsDrawBox (dBodyGetPosition(body[0]),dBodyGetRotation(body[0]),sides);
dsSetColor (1,1,1);
for (i=1; i<=3; i++) dsDrawCylinder (dBodyGetPosition(body[i]),
dBodyGetRotation(body[i]),0.02f,RADIUS);
dVector3 ss;
dGeomBoxGetLengths (ground_box,ss);
dsDrawBox (dGeomGetPosition(ground_box),dGeomGetRotation(ground_box),ss);
/*
printf ("%.10f %.10f %.10f %.10f\n",
dJointGetHingeAngle (joint[1]),
dJointGetHingeAngle (joint[2]),
dJointGetHingeAngleRate (joint[1]),
dJointGetHingeAngleRate (joint[2]));
*/
}
int main (int argc, char **argv)
{
int i;
dMass m;
// setup pointers to drawstuff callback functions
dsFunctions fn;
fn.version = DS_VERSION;
fn.start = &start;
fn.step = &simLoop;
fn.command = &command;
fn.stop = 0;
fn.path_to_textures = "../../drawstuff/textures";
if(argc==2)
{
fn.path_to_textures = argv[1];
}
// create world
world = dWorldCreate();
space = dHashSpaceCreate (0);
contactgroup = dJointGroupCreate (0);
dWorldSetGravity (world,0,0,-0.5);
ground = dCreatePlane (space,0,0,1,0);
// chassis body
body[0] = dBodyCreate (world);
dBodySetPosition (body[0],0,0,STARTZ);
dMassSetBox (&m,1,LENGTH,WIDTH,HEIGHT);
dMassAdjust (&m,CMASS);
dBodySetMass (body[0],&m);
box[0] = dCreateBox (0,LENGTH,WIDTH,HEIGHT);
dGeomSetBody (box[0],body[0]);
// wheel bodies
for (i=1; i<=3; i++) {
body[i] = dBodyCreate (world);
dQuaternion q;
dQFromAxisAndAngle (q,1,0,0,M_PI*0.5);
dBodySetQuaternion (body[i],q);
dMassSetSphere (&m,1,RADIUS);
dMassAdjust (&m,WMASS);
dBodySetMass (body[i],&m);
sphere[i-1] = dCreateSphere (0,RADIUS);
dGeomSetBody (sphere[i-1],body[i]);
}
dBodySetPosition (body[1],0.5*LENGTH,0,STARTZ-HEIGHT*0.5);
dBodySetPosition (body[2],-0.5*LENGTH, WIDTH*0.5,STARTZ-HEIGHT*0.5);
dBodySetPosition (body[3],-0.5*LENGTH,-WIDTH*0.5,STARTZ-HEIGHT*0.5);
// front wheel hinge
/*
joint[0] = dJointCreateHinge2 (world,0);
dJointAttach (joint[0],body[0],body[1]);
const dReal *a = dBodyGetPosition (body[1]);
dJointSetHinge2Anchor (joint[0],a[0],a[1],a[2]);
dJointSetHinge2Axis1 (joint[0],0,0,1);
dJointSetHinge2Axis2 (joint[0],0,1,0);
*/
// front and back wheel hinges
for (i=0; i<3; i++) {
joint[i] = dJointCreateHinge2 (world,0);
dJointAttach (joint[i],body[0],body[i+1]);
const dReal *a = dBodyGetPosition (body[i+1]);
dJointSetHinge2Anchor (joint[i],a[0],a[1],a[2]);
dJointSetHinge2Axis1 (joint[i],0,0,1);
dJointSetHinge2Axis2 (joint[i],0,1,0);
// breakable joints contribution
// the wheels can break
dJointSetBreakable (joint[i], 1);
// the wheels wil break at a specific force
dJointSetBreakMode (joint[i], dJOINT_BREAK_AT_B1_FORCE|dJOINT_BREAK_AT_B2_FORCE);
// specify the force for the first body connected to the joint ...
dJointSetBreakForce (joint[i], 0, 1.5, 1.5, 1.5);
// and for the second body
dJointSetBreakForce (joint[i], 1, 1.5, 1.5, 1.5);
}
// set joint suspension
for (i=0; i<3; i++) {
dJointSetHinge2Param (joint[i],dParamSuspensionERP,0.4);
dJointSetHinge2Param (joint[i],dParamSuspensionCFM,0.8);
}
// lock back wheels along the steering axis
for (i=1; i<3; i++) {
// set stops to make sure wheels always stay in alignment
dJointSetHinge2Param (joint[i],dParamLoStop,0);
dJointSetHinge2Param (joint[i],dParamHiStop,0);
// the following alternative method is no good as the wheels may get out
// of alignment:
// dJointSetHinge2Param (joint[i],dParamVel,0);
// dJointSetHinge2Param (joint[i],dParamFMax,dInfinity);
}
// create car space and add it to the top level space
car_space = dSimpleSpaceCreate (space);
dSpaceSetCleanup (car_space,0);
dSpaceAdd (car_space,box[0]);
dSpaceAdd (car_space,sphere[0]);
dSpaceAdd (car_space,sphere[1]);
dSpaceAdd (car_space,sphere[2]);
// environment
ground_box = dCreateBox (space,2,1.5,1);
dMatrix3 R;
dRFromAxisAndAngle (R,0,1,0,-0.15);
dGeomSetPosition (ground_box,2,0,-0.34);
dGeomSetRotation (ground_box,R);
// run simulation
dsSimulationLoop (argc,argv,352,288,&fn);
dJointGroupDestroy (contactgroup);
dSpaceDestroy (space);
dWorldDestroy (world);
dGeomDestroy (box[0]);
dGeomDestroy (sphere[0]);
dGeomDestroy (sphere[1]);
dGeomDestroy (sphere[2]);
return 0;
}
syntax highlighted by Code2HTML, v. 0.9.1