/*
 *  Open BEAGLE
 *  Copyright (C) 2001-2005 by Christian Gagne and Marc Parizeau
 *
 *  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 *  modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 *  License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 *  version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 *  Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 *  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 *
 *  Contact:
 *  Laboratoire de Vision et Systemes Numeriques
 *  Departement de genie electrique et de genie informatique
 *  Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada, G1K 7P4
 *  http://vision.gel.ulaval.ca
 *
 */

/*!
 *  \file   beagle/GP/src/MutationStandardOp.cpp
 *  \brief  Source code of class GP::MutationStandardOp.
 *  \author Christian Gagne
 *  \author Marc Parizeau
 *  $Revision: 1.20 $
 *  $Date: 2005/10/04 16:25:10 $
 */

#include "beagle/GP.hpp"

#include <algorithm>
#include <string>

using namespace Beagle;


/*!
 *  \brief Construct a GP standard mutation operator.
 *  \param inInitOp Initialization operator used to mutate the GP subtree.
 *  \param inMutationPbName Mutation probability parameter name used in register.
 *  \param inMaxRegenDepthName Maximum regeneration depth in mutation parameter name.
 *  \param inName Name of the operator.
 */
GP::MutationStandardOp::MutationStandardOp(GP::InitializationOp::Handle inInitOp,
                                           Beagle::string inMutationPbName,
                                           Beagle::string inMaxRegenDepthName,
                                           Beagle::string inName) :
  Beagle::MutationOp(inMutationPbName, inName),
  mInitOp(inInitOp),
  mMaxRegenDepthName(inMaxRegenDepthName)
{ }


/*!
 *  \brief Initialize the GP standard mutation operator.
 *  \param ioSystem System of the evolution.
 */
void GP::MutationStandardOp::initialize(Beagle::System& ioSystem)
{
  Beagle_StackTraceBeginM();
  // Initialize initialization operator
  mInitOp->initialize(ioSystem);

  Beagle::MutationOp::initialize(ioSystem);
  if(ioSystem.getRegister().isRegistered(mMutationPbName)) {
    ioSystem.getRegister().deleteEntry(mMutationPbName);
  }

  if(ioSystem.getRegister().isRegistered(mMutationPbName)) {
    mMutationProba = castHandleT<Float>(ioSystem.getRegister()[mMutationPbName]);
  } else {
    mMutationProba = new Float(float(0.05));
    string lLongDescrip = "Standard mutation probability for an individual. ";
    lLongDescrip += "A standard mutation replaces a sub-tree with a randomly generated one.";
    Register::Description lProbaDescription(
      "Individual std mutation prob.",
      "Float",
      "0.05",
      lLongDescrip
    );
    ioSystem.getRegister().addEntry(mMutationPbName, mMutationProba, lProbaDescription);
  }

  if(ioSystem.getRegister().isRegistered("gp.tree.maxdepth")) {
    mMaxTreeDepth = castHandleT<UInt>(ioSystem.getRegister()["gp.tree.maxdepth"]);
  } else {
    mMaxTreeDepth = new UInt(17);
    Register::Description lDescription(
      "Maximum tree depth",
      "UInt",
      "17",
      "Maximum allowed depth for the trees."
    );
    ioSystem.getRegister().addEntry("gp.tree.maxdepth", mMaxTreeDepth, lDescription);
  }

  if(ioSystem.getRegister().isRegistered(mMaxRegenDepthName)) {
    mMaxRegenerationDepth = castHandleT<UInt>(ioSystem.getRegister()[mMaxRegenDepthName]);
  } else {
    mMaxRegenerationDepth = new UInt(5);
    string lLongDescrip = "Maximum depth for standard mutation. ";
    lLongDescrip += "A standard mutation replaces a sub-tree with a randomly generated one.";
    Register::Description lDescription(
      "Maximum regeneration depth",
      "UInt",
      "5",
      lLongDescrip
    );
    ioSystem.getRegister().addEntry(mMaxRegenDepthName, mMaxRegenerationDepth, lDescription);
  }
  Beagle_StackTraceEndM("void GP::MutationStandardOp::initialize(Beagle::System& ioSystem)");
}


/*!
 *  \brief Standard mutate a GP individual.
 *  \param ioIndividual GP individual to standard mutate.
 *  \param ioContext Context of the evolution.
 *  \return True if the individual is effectively mutated, false if not.
 */
bool GP::MutationStandardOp::mutate(Beagle::Individual& ioIndividual, Beagle::Context& ioContext)
{
  Beagle_StackTraceBeginM();
  Beagle_LogDetailedM(
    ioContext.getSystem().getLogger(),
    "mutation", "Beagle::GP::MutationStandardOp",
    string("Mutating individual with GP::MutationStandardOp")
  );

  GP::Individual& lIndividual        = castObjectT<GP::Individual&>(ioIndividual);
  GP::Context& lContext              = castObjectT<GP::Context&>(ioContext);
  unsigned int lMaxTreeDepth         = mMaxTreeDepth->getWrappedValue();
  unsigned int lMaxRegenerationDepth = mMaxRegenerationDepth->getWrappedValue();

  // Store original context values
  unsigned int lOldGenotypeIndex = lContext.getGenotypeIndex();
  GP::Tree::Handle lOldGenotypeHandle = lContext.getGenotypeHandle();

  Beagle_LogDebugM(
    ioContext.getSystem().getLogger(),
    "mutation", "Beagle::GP::MutationStandardOp",
    string("Individual before GP standard mutation: ")+
    ioIndividual.serialize()
  );

  // Choose tree and node to mutate
  unsigned int lChosenTree = lIndividual.chooseRandomTree(lContext);
  unsigned int lChosenNode = lIndividual.chooseRandomNode(lChosenTree, lContext);
  GP::Tree::Handle lOriginalTree = lIndividual[lChosenTree];
  unsigned int lChosenNodeSubTreeSize = (*lOriginalTree)[lChosenNode].mSubTreeSize;

  // Choose tree depth for mutation
  lContext.setGenotypeIndex(lChosenTree);
  lContext.setGenotypeHandle(lOriginalTree);
  lContext.emptyCallStack();

  lOriginalTree->setContextToNode(lChosenNode, lContext);
  lContext.popCallStack();
  unsigned int lChosenNodeDepth = lContext.getCallStackSize();

  // Check that chosen node is not deeper than the maximum depth of a tree
  if(lChosenNodeDepth > lMaxTreeDepth) {
    Beagle_LogDebugM(
      ioContext.getSystem().getLogger(),
      "mutation", "Beagle::GP::MutationStandardOp",
      string("Chosen node's depth (")+uint2str(lChosenNodeDepth)+
      string(") is greater than the maximum depth allowed for a tree (")+
      uint2str(lMaxTreeDepth)+string("; specified by the register variable ")+
      string("'gp.tree.maxdepth').  Mutation attempt failed")
    );
    return false;
  }

  // Calculate maximum mutation depth
  unsigned int lMaxMutationDepth = lMaxTreeDepth-lChosenNodeDepth+1;
  Beagle_LogDebugM(
    ioContext.getSystem().getLogger(),
    "mutation", "Beagle::GP::MutationStandardOp",
    string("Chosen node's depth is ")+uint2str(lChosenNodeDepth)+
    string(" and a tree's maximum depth is ")+uint2str(lMaxTreeDepth)+
    string(" (specified by the register variable 'gp.tree.maxdepth'), ")+
    string("hence the maximum depth for the mutation tree is ")+uint2str(lMaxMutationDepth)
  );

  // Ensure maximum mutation depth is not larger than maximum regeneration depth
  if(lMaxMutationDepth > lMaxRegenerationDepth) {
    Beagle_LogDebugM(
      ioContext.getSystem().getLogger(),
      "mutation", "Beagle::GP::MutationStandardOp",
      string("Maximum mutation depth (")+uint2str(lMaxMutationDepth)+
      string(") is greater than the maximum regeneration depth (")+
      uint2str(lMaxRegenerationDepth)+string("; as specified by the register variable '")+
      mMaxRegenDepthName+string("').  Reducing maximum mutation depth to ")+
      uint2str(lMaxRegenerationDepth)
    );
    lMaxMutationDepth = lMaxRegenerationDepth;
  }

  // Randomly choose depth
  Beagle_AssertM(lMaxMutationDepth>=1);
  Beagle_LogVerboseM(
    ioContext.getSystem().getLogger(),
    "mutation", "Beagle::GP::MutationStandardOp",
    string("GP standard mutate the ")+uint2ordinal(lChosenNode+1)+
    string(" node of the ")+uint2ordinal(lChosenTree+1)+
    string(" tree with maximum depth ")+uint2str(lMaxMutationDepth)
  ); 

  // Create new tree
  Beagle_LogDebugM(
    ioContext.getSystem().getLogger(),
    "mutation", "Beagle::GP::MutationStandardOp",
    string("Creating new tree")
  ); 
  GP::Tree::Handle lNewTree = castHandleT<GP::Tree>(lIndividual.getTypeAlloc()->allocate());
  lNewTree->setPrimitiveSetIndex(lOriginalTree->getPrimitiveSetIndex());
  lNewTree->setNumberArguments(lOriginalTree->getNumberArguments());

  // Replace original tree with new tree
  lIndividual[lChosenTree] = lNewTree;
  lContext.setGenotypeHandle(lNewTree);

  // Initialize the tree that will be the mutation
  GP::Tree::Handle lInitTree = castHandleT<GP::Tree>(lIndividual.getTypeAlloc()->allocate());
  lInitTree->setPrimitiveSetIndex(lNewTree->getPrimitiveSetIndex());
  lInitTree->setNumberArguments(lNewTree->getNumberArguments());
  mInitOp->initTree(*lInitTree, 1, lMaxMutationDepth, lContext);
  Beagle_LogVerboseM(
    ioContext.getSystem().getLogger(),
    "mutation", "Beagle::GP::MutationStandardOp",
    string("Mutation is: ")+lInitTree->serialize()
  ); 

  // Copy start of original tree into new tree
  Beagle_LogDebugM(
    ioContext.getSystem().getLogger(),
    "mutation", "Beagle::GP::MutationStandardOp",
    string("Copying unchanged part of original tree to new tree")
  ); 
  lNewTree->insert(lNewTree->end(), lOriginalTree->begin(), lOriginalTree->begin()+lChosenNode);

  // Append mutation to new tree
  Beagle_LogDebugM(
    ioContext.getSystem().getLogger(),
    "mutation", "Beagle::GP::MutationStandardOp",
    string("Appending mutation to new tree")
  ); 
  lNewTree->insert(lNewTree->end(), lInitTree->begin(), lInitTree->end());

  // Append the rest of the original tree
  Beagle_LogDebugM(
    ioContext.getSystem().getLogger(),
    "mutation", "Beagle::GP::MutationStandardOp",
    string("Appending the remainder of the original tree to new tree")
  ); 
  lNewTree->insert(lNewTree->end(),
    lOriginalTree->begin()+lChosenNode+lChosenNodeSubTreeSize,
    lOriginalTree->end());

  // Correct subtree size data
  Beagle_LogDebugM(
    ioContext.getSystem().getLogger(),
    "mutation", "Beagle::GP::MutationStandardOp",
    string("Correcting the 'mSubTreeSize' fields of tree")
  ); 
  lNewTree->fixSubTreeSize();

  // Restore original context values
  lContext.setGenotypeIndex(lOldGenotypeIndex);
  lContext.setGenotypeHandle(lOldGenotypeHandle);

  Beagle_LogDebugM(
    ioContext.getSystem().getLogger(),
    "mutation", "Beagle::GP::MutationStandardOp",
    string("Individual after GP standard mutation: ")+
    ioIndividual.serialize()
  );

  return true;
  Beagle_StackTraceEndM("bool GP::MutationStandardOp::mutate(Beagle::Individual& ioIndividual, Beagle::Context& ioContext)");
}


/*!
 *  \brief Call post-initialize hook of the GP standard mutation operator.
 *  \param ioSystem System of the evolution.
 */
void GP::MutationStandardOp::postInit(Beagle::System& ioSystem)
{
  Beagle_StackTraceBeginM();
  mInitOp->postInit(ioSystem);
  Beagle_StackTraceEndM("void GP::MutationStandardOp::postInit(Beagle::System& ioSystem)");
}


/*!
 *  \brief Read a mutation operator from XML subtree.
 *  \param inIter XML iterator to use to read crossover operator.
 *  \param inOpMap Operator map to use to read crossover operator.
 */
void GP::MutationStandardOp::readWithMap(PACC::XML::ConstIterator inIter, OperatorMap& inOpMap)
{
  Beagle_StackTraceBeginM();
  if((inIter->getType()!=PACC::XML::eData) || (inIter->getValue()!=getName().c_str())) {
    std::ostringstream lOSS;
    lOSS << "tag <" << getName() << "> expected!" << std::flush;
    throw Beagle_IOExceptionNodeM(*inIter, lOSS.str().c_str());
  }
  string lMutationPbReadName = inIter->getAttribute("mutationpb").c_str();
  if(lMutationPbReadName.empty() == false) mMutationPbName = lMutationPbReadName;
  string lMaxRegenDepthReadName = inIter->getAttribute("maxdepth").c_str();
  if(lMaxRegenDepthReadName.empty() == false) mMaxRegenDepthName = lMaxRegenDepthReadName;
  Beagle_StackTraceEndM("void GP::MutationStandardOp::readWithMap(PACC::XML::ConstIterator inIter, OperatorMap& inOpMap)");
}


/*!
 *  \brief Write mutation operator into XML streamer.
 *  \param ioStreamer XML streamer to write mutation operator into.
 *  \param inIndent Whether XML output should be indented.
 */
void GP::MutationStandardOp::writeContent(PACC::XML::Streamer& ioStreamer, bool inIndent) const
{
  Beagle_StackTraceBeginM();
  Beagle::MutationOp::writeContent(ioStreamer, inIndent);
  ioStreamer.insertAttribute("maxdepth", mMaxRegenDepthName);
  Beagle_StackTraceEndM("void GP::MutationStandardOp::writeContent(PACC::XML::Streamer& ioStreamer, bool inIndent) const");
}