/*
 * url.h
 *
 * Universal Resource Locator (for HTTP/HTML) class.
 *
 * Portable Windows Library
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1993-2002 Equivalence Pty. Ltd.
 *
 * The contents of this file are subject to the Mozilla Public License
 * Version 1.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in
 * compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 * http://www.mozilla.org/MPL/
 *
 * Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS"
 * basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See
 * the License for the specific language governing rights and limitations
 * under the License.
 *
 * The Original Code is Portable Windows Library.
 *
 * The Initial Developer of the Original Code is Equivalence Pty. Ltd.
 *
 * Contributor(s): ______________________________________.
 *
 * $Log: url.h,v $
 * Revision 1.34  2005/11/30 12:47:37  csoutheren
 * Removed tabs, reformatted some code, and changed tags for Doxygen
 *
 * Revision 1.33  2005/04/20 05:19:48  csoutheren
 * Patch 1185334. Ensure SIP URLs correctly store status of port
 * Thanks to Ted Szoczei
 *
 * Revision 1.32  2005/01/04 07:44:02  csoutheren
 * More changes to implement the new configuration methodology, and also to
 * attack the global static problem
 *
 * Revision 1.31  2004/12/08 00:51:11  csoutheren
 * Move PURLLegacyScheme to header file to allow external usage
 *
 * Revision 1.30  2004/11/11 07:34:50  csoutheren
 * Added #include <ptlib.h>
 *
 * Revision 1.29  2004/07/07 07:18:43  csoutheren
 * Removed warnings on Linux from Windows static global hacks
 *
 * Revision 1.28  2004/07/06 10:12:51  csoutheren
 * Added static integer o factory template to assist in ensuring factories are instantiated
 *
 * Revision 1.27  2004/06/01 07:32:45  csoutheren
 * Removed warning on Linux
 *
 * Revision 1.26  2004/06/01 07:28:44  csoutheren
 * Changed URL parsing to use abstract factory code
 *
 * Revision 1.25  2004/03/13 06:30:52  rjongbloed
 * Virtualised parse function.
 *
 * Revision 1.24  2003/04/04 05:18:08  robertj
 * Added "callto", "tel" and fixed "h323" URL types.
 *
 * Revision 1.23  2002/12/10 04:40:34  robertj
 * Added test function for URL being empty.
 *
 * Revision 1.22  2002/11/20 00:50:09  robertj
 * Fixed correct interpretation of url re double slashes as per latest RFC,
 *   including file: mapping and relative paths. Probably still more to do.
 *
 * Revision 1.21  2002/11/19 10:36:08  robertj
 * Added functions to set anf get "file:" URL. as PFilePath and do the right
 *   things with platform dependent directory components.
 *
 * Revision 1.20  2002/11/06 22:47:24  robertj
 * Fixed header comment (copyright etc)
 *
 * Revision 1.19  2002/09/16 01:08:59  robertj
 * Added #define so can select if #pragma interface/implementation is used on
 *   platform basis (eg MacOS) rather than compiler, thanks Robert Monaghan.
 *
 * Revision 1.18  2002/03/18 05:01:54  robertj
 * Added functions to set component parts of URL.
 *
 * Revision 1.17  2001/11/08 00:32:49  robertj
 * Added parsing of ';' based parameter fields into string dictionary if there are multiple parameters, with '=' values.
 *
 * Revision 1.16  2001/09/28 00:32:24  robertj
 * Broke out internal static function for unstranslating URL strings.
 *
 * Revision 1.15  1999/03/09 08:01:47  robertj
 * Changed comments for doc++ support (more to come).
 *
 * Revision 1.14  1999/02/16 08:07:10  robertj
 * MSVC 6.0 compatibility changes.
 *
 * Revision 1.13  1998/09/23 06:20:11  robertj
 * Added open source copyright license.
 *
 * Revision 1.12  1998/02/16 00:12:53  robertj
 * Added function to open a URL in a browser.
 *
 * Revision 1.11  1998/02/03 10:02:35  robertj
 * Added ability to get scheme, host and port from URL as a string.
 *
 * Revision 1.10  1998/02/03 06:18:49  robertj
 * Fixed URL encoding to be closer to RFC
 *
 * Revision 1.9  1997/01/12 04:22:54  robertj
 * Added has function so URL can be dictionary key.
 *
 * Revision 1.8  1996/08/19 13:37:28  robertj
 * Fixed URL parsing and definition (cannot have relative paths).
 *
 * Revision 1.7  1996/06/10 09:55:44  robertj
 * Added global function for query parameters parsing.
 *
 * Revision 1.6  1996/03/31 08:53:13  robertj
 * Added string representation for URI part only.
 *
 * Revision 1.5  1996/03/16 04:46:02  robertj
 * Added translation type to TranslateString() to accommodate query variables.
 *
 * Revision 1.4  1996/03/02 03:12:13  robertj
 * Added function to translate a string to a form suitable for inclusion in a URL.
 *
 * Revision 1.3  1996/02/03 11:06:27  robertj
 * Added splitting of query field into variables dictionary.
 *
 * Revision 1.2  1996/01/26 02:24:32  robertj
 * Further implemetation.
 *
 * Revision 1.1  1996/01/23 13:04:20  robertj
 * Initial revision
 *
 */

#ifndef _PURL
#define _PURL

#ifdef P_USE_PRAGMA
#pragma interface
#endif

#include <ptlib.h>


//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// PURL

class PURLLegacyScheme;

/**
 This class describes a Universal Resource Locator.
 This is the desciption of a resource location as used by the World Wide
 Web and the #PHTTPSocket# class.
 */
class PURL : public PObject
{
  PCLASSINFO(PURL, PObject)
  public:
    /**Construct a new URL object from the URL string. */
    PURL();
    /**Construct a new URL object from the URL string. */
    PURL(
      const char * cstr,    ///< C string representation of the URL.
      const char * defaultScheme = NULL ///< Default scheme for URL
    );
    /**Construct a new URL object from the URL string. */
    PURL(
      const PString & str,  ///< String representation of the URL.
      const char * defaultScheme = NULL ///< Default scheme for URL
    );
    /**Construct a new URL object from the file path. */
    PURL(
      const PFilePath & path   ///< File path to turn into a "file:" URL.
    );

  /**@name Overrides from class PObject */
  //@{
    /**Compare the two URLs and return their relative rank.

     @return
       #LessThan#, #EqualTo# or #GreaterThan#
       according to the relative rank of the objects.
     */
    virtual Comparison Compare(
      const PObject & obj   ///< Object to compare against.
    ) const;

    /**This function yields a hash value required by the #PDictionary#
       class. A descendent class that is required to be the key of a dictionary
       should override this function. The precise values returned is dependent
       on the semantics of the class. For example, the #PString# class
       overrides it to provide a hash function for distinguishing text strings.

       The default behaviour is to return the value zero.

       @return
       hash function value for class instance.
     */
    virtual PINDEX HashFunction() const;

    /**Output the contents of the URL to the stream as a string.
     */
    virtual void PrintOn(
      ostream &strm   ///< Stream to print the object into.
    ) const;

    /**Input the contents of the URL from the stream. The input is a URL in
       string form.
     */
    virtual void ReadFrom(
      istream &strm   ///< Stream to read the objects contents from.
    );
  //@}
 
  /**@name New functions for class. */
  //@{
    /**Parse the URL string into the fields in the object instance. */
    inline BOOL Parse(
      const char * cstr,   ///< URL as a string to parse.
      const char * defaultScheme = NULL ///< Default scheme for URL
    ) { return InternalParse(cstr, defaultScheme); }
    /**Parse the URL string into the fields in the object instance. */
    inline BOOL Parse(
      const PString & str, ///< URL as a string to parse.
      const char * defaultScheme = NULL ///< Default scheme for URL
    ) { return InternalParse((const char *)str, defaultScheme); }

    /**Print/String output representation formats. */
    enum UrlFormat {
      /// Translate to a string as a full URL
      FullURL,      
      /// Translate to a string as only path
      PathOnly,     
      /// Translate to a string with no scheme or host
      URIOnly,      
      /// Translate to a string with scheme and host/port
      HostPortOnly  
    };

    /**Convert the URL object into its string representation. The parameter
       indicates whether a full or partial representation os to be produced.

       @return
       String representation of the URL.
     */
    PString AsString(
      UrlFormat fmt = FullURL   ///< The type of string to be returned.
    ) const;

    /**Get the "file:" URL as a file path.
       If the URL is not a "file:" URL then returns an empty string.
      */
    PFilePath AsFilePath() const;

    /// Type for translation of strings to URL format,
    enum TranslationType {
      /// Translate a username/password field for a URL.
      LoginTranslation,
      /// Translate the path field for a URL.
      PathTranslation,
      /// Translate the query parameters field for a URL.
      QueryTranslation
    };

    /**Translate a string from general form to one that can be included into
       a URL. All reserved characters for the particular field type are
       escaped.

       @return
       String for the URL ready translation.
     */
    static PString TranslateString(
      const PString & str,    ///< String to be translated.
      TranslationType type    ///< Type of translation.
    );

    /**Untranslate a string from a form that was included into a URL into a
       normal string. All reserved characters for the particular field type
       are unescaped.

       @return
       String from the URL untranslated.
     */
    static PString UntranslateString(
      const PString & str,    ///< String to be translated.
      TranslationType type    ///< Type of translation.
    );

    /** Split a string in &= form to a dictionary of names and values. */
    static void SplitQueryVars(
      const PString & queryStr,   ///< String to split into variables.
      PStringToString & queryVars ///< Dictionary of variable names and values.
    );


    /// Get the scheme field of the URL.
    const PCaselessString & GetScheme() const { return scheme; }

    /// Set the scheme field of the URL
    void SetScheme(const PString & scheme);

    /// Get the username field of the URL.
    const PString & GetUserName() const { return username; }

    /// Set the username field of the URL.
    void SetUserName(const PString & username);

    /// Get the password field of the URL.
    const PString & GetPassword() const { return password; }

    /// Set the password field of the URL.
    void SetPassword(const PString & password);

    /// Get the hostname field of the URL.
    const PCaselessString & GetHostName() const { return hostname; }

    /// Set the hostname field of the URL.
    void SetHostName(const PString & hostname);

    /// Get the port field of the URL.
    WORD GetPort() const { return port; }

    /// Set the port field in the URL.
    void SetPort(WORD newPort);

    /// Get if path is relative or absolute
    BOOL GetRelativePath() const { return relativePath; }

    /// Get the path field of the URL as a string.
    const PString & GetPathStr() const { return pathStr; }

    /// Set the path field of the URL as a string.
    void SetPathStr(const PString & pathStr);

    /// Get the path field of the URL as a string array.
    const PStringArray & GetPath() const { return path; }

    /// Set the path field of the URL as a string array.
    void SetPath(const PStringArray & path);

    /// Get the parameter (;) field of the URL.
    PString GetParameters() const;

    /// Set the parameter (;) field of the URL.
    void SetParameters(const PString & parameters);

    /// Get the parameter (;) field(s) of the URL as a string dictionary.
    const PStringToString & GetParamVars() const { return paramVars; }

    /// Set the parameter (;) field(s) of the URL as a string dictionary.
    void SetParamVars(const PStringToString & paramVars);

    /// Set the parameter (;) field of the URL as a string dictionary.
    void SetParamVar(const PString & key, const PString & data);

    /// Get the fragment (##) field of the URL.
    const PString & GetFragment() const { return fragment; }

    /// Get the Query (?) field of the URL as a string.
    PString GetQuery() const;

    /// Set the Query (?) field of the URL as a string.
    void SetQuery(const PString & query);

    /// Get the Query (?) field of the URL as a string dictionary.
    const PStringToString & GetQueryVars() const { return queryVars; }

    /// Set the Query (?) field(s) of the URL as a string dictionary.
    void SetQueryVars(const PStringToString & queryVars);

    /// Set the Query (?) field of the URL as a string dictionary.
    void SetQueryVar(const PString & key, const PString & data);

    /// Return TRUE if the URL is an empty string.
    BOOL IsEmpty() const { return urlString.IsEmpty(); }


    /**Open the URL in a browser.

       @return
       The browser was successfully opened. This does not mean the URL exists and was
       displayed.
     */
    static BOOL OpenBrowser(
      const PString & url   ///< URL to open
    );
  //@}

    BOOL LegacyParse(const PString & _url, const PURLLegacyScheme * schemeInfo);
    PString LegacyAsString(PURL::UrlFormat fmt, const PURLLegacyScheme * schemeInfo) const;

  protected:
    virtual BOOL InternalParse(
      const char * cstr,         ///< URL as a string to parse.
      const char * defaultScheme ///< Default scheme for URL
    );
    void Recalculate();
    PString urlString;

    PCaselessString scheme;
    PString username;
    PString password;
    PCaselessString hostname;
    WORD port;
    BOOL portSupplied;          /// port was supplied in string input
    BOOL relativePath;
    PString pathStr;
    PStringArray path;
    PStringToString paramVars;
    PString fragment;
    PStringToString queryVars;
};


//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// PURLScheme

class PURLScheme : public PObject
{
  PCLASSINFO(PURLScheme, PObject);
  public:
    virtual PString GetName() const = 0;
    virtual BOOL Parse(const PString & url, PURL & purl) const = 0;
    virtual PString AsString(PURL::UrlFormat fmt, const PURL & purl) const = 0;
};

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// PURLLegacyScheme

class PURLLegacyScheme : public PURLScheme
{
  public:
    PURLLegacyScheme(const char * _scheme)
      : scheme(_scheme) { }

    BOOL Parse(const PString & url, PURL & purl) const
    { return purl.LegacyParse(url, this); }

    PString AsString(PURL::UrlFormat fmt, const PURL & purl) const
    { return purl.LegacyAsString(fmt, this); }

    PString GetName() const     
    { return scheme; }

    PString scheme;
    BOOL hasUsername;
    BOOL hasPassword;
    BOOL hasHostPort;
    BOOL defaultToUserIfNoAt;
    BOOL defaultHostToLocal;
    BOOL hasQuery;
    BOOL hasParameters;
    BOOL hasFragments;
    BOOL hasPath;
    BOOL relativeImpliesScheme;
    WORD defaultPort;
};

#endif

// End Of File ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////